All Application & Technical Notes

Nanoscience Instruments White Papers

App Note | Technology: Quartz Crystal Microbalance

Effect of Excipients, Storage, and Formulation Conditions on Therapeutic Protein Stability

Why are protein – container enclosure interactions important? During manufacturing, storage and delivery processes, therapeutic proteins encounter several surfaces and materials, such as metals, glasses, oils, and polymers. These can range from stainless-steel production vessels to glass prefilled syringe delivery devices. The inherent surface-active nature…

Langmuir-Blodgett roll-to-roll deposition

App Note | Technology: Langmuir Blodgett

What is Langmuir-Blodgett Roll-to-Roll Deposition?

Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition is a well-established method for generating monolayers of sample onto a substrate. A layer of molecules (or nanoparticles) are placed at the interface and compressed with barriers until they form a monolayer at the air-liquid interface, then a substrate is dipped through…

Paper charging in the Phenom SEM

App Note | Technology: Scanning Electron Microscopy

Reduce Charging in SEM Using Low Voltage Imaging

Introduction The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a powerful tool for taking very high magnification images of a variety of materials. It generates an image by scanning a beam of electrons across a sample’s surface and detecting the electrons generated through sample interactions. This type…

Contact angles demonstrating hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces

App Note | Technology: Optical Tensiometry

Cleanliness and quality control testing by contact angle – how clean is my surface?

Contamination can have a wide variety of undesirable effects in manufacturing processes such as polishing, surface treatment, coating application, and etching. Some sources include finger oils from handling, atmospheric dust and dirt, and process lubricants. While best practices such as personal protective equipment use and…

Powder surface as seen in an optical tensiometer

App Note | Technology: Optical Tensiometry

Measuring the contact angle, surface free energy and wettability of powders

For powdered materials such as pharmaceuticals, dyes, proppants, and foods, wettability is an important parameter to characterize. As the powders are immersed into a liquid, fluid may wick into the interstitial spaces between powder particles through capillary forces. The wettability of the powder can be…

TEM images of Gold Silicon Dioxide with nickel nanoparticles from three sources

App Note | Technology: Spark Ablation

Why are nanoparticles important in heterogeneous catalysis?

How the VSParticle spark ablation technology can help with heterogeneous catalysis Developing the mainstream heterogeneous catalysts of tomorrow requires a fundamental understanding of today’s state-of-the-art catalysts. Today’s catalysts are generally composed of metallic nanoparticles (e.g. Pt, Ru, Ni, Co) deposited on an oxide support (e.g….

Image of tilting contact angle

App Note | Technology: Optical Tensiometry

Optical Tensiometry as a Tool to Measure Coating Properties and Substrate Adhesion

How can Optical Tensiometry Characterize Coatings? Coatings are used to modify the properties of the substrate that they cover and are ubiquitous in our everyday lives. They can have functional, protective, and/or aesthetic purposes. One everyday example of a coating is the touchscreen on a…

Energy Storage Concept Image

App Note | Technology: Quartz Crystal Microbalance

Characterization of Surfaces and Surface Reactions in Energy Storage using EQCM-D

There has been a global shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy to protect civilization from the worst effects of climate change. Special focus has been given to solar and wind energy. However, utilizing electricity from solar and wind in a grid becomes challenging due…

Spontaneous surfactant migration in an air-liquid system and oil-water system

App Note | Technology: Optical Tensiometry

Dilatational Rheology of Foams, Emulsions, and Suspensions

The Attension Theta Flex and the Pulsating Drop Module PD-200 Emulsions and foams play a key role in important products such as foods1, pharmaceuticals2, and oil recovery formulations3. The stability of these products plays a key role in their performance and shelf life. Amphiphilic molecules…

App Note | Technology: Scanning Electron Microscopy

Phenom Desktop SEM: ParticleX as an Enabling Technology in Additive Manufacturing

In the past two decades additive manufacturing (AM) has rapidly evolved from a cutting-edge technology into a routine manufacturing method. The ability to quickly print complex shapes in a cost-effective and energy efficient manner has helped revolutionize the go to manufacturing method in a huge…

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